Electrotherapy

Low-frequency currents are characterized by pulses of various shapes, which have a frequency between 0-1000 cycles/sec.
From the shape of these pulses comes the shape of the current, which can be triangular, exponential, rectangular or trapezoidal.
This category includes: CDD (diadynamic current), Trabert, TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation).

Trabert current

It is a rectangular current and that achieves two fundamental effects, namely analgesic and hyperemizing (greatly increases vascularization).

The main application indications are:

• musculoskeletal disorders (concussions, sprains, sprains, dislocations, muscle strains, joint pain)
• rheumatic articular and abarticular disorders (reactivated arthrosis, arthritis, stiloiditis, epicondylitis, scapulohumeral periarthritis)
• neurological disorders – neuralgia, neuritis
• peripheral circulatory disorders

TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation)

It is a current with rectangular pulses, emitted by small devices, with one or two output channels, thus benefiting from one or two circuits, and two or four electrodes can be applied on the surface to be treated.

The main physiological effects of interfering medium frequency currents are:

• excito-motor effect
• Decontracting effect (neuralgia, neuritis, myalgia, hypotrophy, atrophy)
• vasculotrophic,hyperemizing effect
• analgesic effect

Bioptron light therapy

The Bioptron acts in a natural way by supporting the body’s regenerative and balancing capacities and consequently helps the body to activate its own healing potential. From the moment it enters the tissues, the solar energy helps the biostimulation process, stimulating several biological processes in the body in a positive way that improves the body’s functions. Bioptron therapy devices emit polarized light. This means that the waves are transmitted exclusively in parallel planes, created by a special mirror system. This polarized light, having some special properties, is then used in therapy. It is very important to note that the spectrum of Bioptron light is between 400-200 nanometers, which means that this light does not contain ultraviolet rays (these harmful rays have a spectrum well below 400 nanometers). This explains why after treatment the skin does not turn red or tan, and the light is completely harmless to the eyes. The rays emitted by the Bioptron lamp to a small extent contain infrared rays, which ensure deep action, the temperature during treatment reaching a maximum of 37 °C, which is only one degree higher than normal body temperature.

Indications for bioptron application:

• in muscle pain polarized light is a good painkiller
• in gout (rheumatism), the action of polarized light to stimulate cell metabolism is beneficial
• in arterial diseases – regeneration, stimulation of cell metabolism
• in treating headaches relieves stress and lowers blood pressure
• strengthens the body’s immune system by increasing the number of phagocytes and eliminating stress states
• it can treat: acne, eczema, skin inflammations, varicose ulcers, skin burns, rheumatic arthritis, back pain, muscle traumas, joint pains, etc.

Diadynamic current

– is derived from 220V and 50V alternating sinusoidal current (from the mains)
– has a frequency of 50 – 100 pulses/sec; so it is a low frequency pulsed current.

The diadynamic current has 5 forms:

MF – monophasic-is excitomotor
DF – diphasic-is antialgic
PS – short period-resorptive
PL – long period-antialgic
RS – syncopated rhythm-decontracting

Indications for diadynamic current therapy:
– posttraumatic sequelae:

• DF + PL – in sore spots
• PS – straight on the muscles

– myalgii
– arthritic pains
– epispondylitis
– periatritis
– neuritis, neuralgia
– abdominal disorders: DF (on the spine, on the respective metamer, then with DF on the solar plexus, then on the spine – 1 – 2min)
– algodistrophy: DF + PS

Galvanic Current

– zero-frequency electric current, or direct current, is called galvanic current.
– it has a constant thermal effect by heating the skin
– the current can vary in intensity, increasing from zero to a certain level (direct current upward) or decreasing to zero (direct current downward).
– if these increases and decreases occur rhythmically, the current takes the form of a waveform and is called variable current.

Therapeutic effects of galvanic current: analgesic, excitatory, stimulant, vasodilator, trophic, resorptive, SNV balancer.

Physiological effects of galvanic current:
1. on the sensory nerve fibers: the sensation registered is a function of the increase in the intensity of the applied current: tingling – burning – pain.

– the (+) pole induces analgesia, due to hyperpolarization of the cell and a decrease
in its excitability.
– the (-) pole induces stimulation by depolarizing the cell and increasing
its excitability.

2. on motor nerve fibers:

– at the (-) pole, there is a decrease in the threshold of excitation, with the same
phenomenon of neuromotor stimulation with increased excitability.

3. on the central nervous system: the installed effects depend on the polarity applied

– the (+) pole applied cranially produces an analgesic, descending effect
– the (-) pole applied cranially produces a stimulant, ascending effect

4. on vasomotor vegetative fibers: superficial and deep vasodilation,

– hyperemizing action, activating vascularization (vasodilatation of both superficial, cutaneous and deep vessels
in the muscle layers)

5. on the vegetative nervous system: sympathetic or parasympathetic stimulation.